Header



Jung 24, 1930.

w. L. CLOUSE 1,766,484

HEADER v Filed Dec. 6. 1926 '2 Shets-Sheet 1 i m/L0 louse I avwe'ntzfiner M04 June 24, 1930. w CLQUSE 1,766,484

HEADER Filed Dec. 6. 1926 2 Sheets-She et 2 VVZLHHITLL: 6814mm PatentedJune 24, 1930 UNITEDfSTATES PATENT OFFICE I WILLIAM n'cnousn, or mm,OHIO, AssIeNoR'ro 'rnn N 'rIo An MACHINERY '00.,

- or rrrrm, OI-IIO p HEADER This invention relates to a heading machinedesigned primarily for making different kinds of forgings from lengthsof stock sheared from the end of a bar.. At the present time machinesare in use. for producing both hot and cold forgings, wherein a blank issheared from the bar and brought to position in front of an impressionproduced in a solid die, the forging being thereafter formed intodesired shapes by pressure from the movement of the heading tool. Ithasbeen found, however, that so much'difiiculty is experienced inextracting'a forging from a solid die after the shaping process, that itis only possible to produce forgings having short shanks or, in otherwords, forgings the metal of which does not extrude into the hole in thedie for. any appreciable distance. The difficulty is due to the factthat when an attempt is made to extract a forging of any length from asolid die the friction of the forging against the sides of the'dieprevents the extracting tool from easily removingv the work and, as aresult, said tool actually upsets the material in the die, causing it todevelop .even more friction against the side of the die andpreventingits satisfactory removal. g I

It is an object of the present invention to overcome the objectionsabove enumerated by providing a shaping or gripping die formed ofsections so mounted as to be movable apart after the forging operation,thereby to permit easy removal of the work. v A further object is toprovide a machine of this type adaptedto forge or shape the Work fromstock, the diameter of which is greater than the-diameter of the shankof the work producedwhereby excess of metal extruded from the shankportion of, the blank will be utilized in filling depressions in thedies and in formation of the head of the work.

It is known tobe old to feed stock to dies, the diameter of the stockbeing the same as the diameter of the shank of the work produced. Such amachine has been disclosed in the patent to Briede No. 987,282 datedMarch 21st, 1911. A machlne of th1s type, however, is not suitable foruse where the shankuof theWork is of less diameter than the diameter ofthe stock. Should an effort be made to produce a large head forging fromstock corresponding in diameter to that of the shank of the workproduced, then such a long length of this stock must protrude beyond theface of the gripping die that the stock will buckle when the headingtool comes in contact therewith and, consequently, a defective forgingis produced. It has been found that it is not practical to allow morethan 3 or 3 times the diameter of the stock to extend beyond the face ofthe gripping dies. As this amount of stock is not sufiicient to producea large head-upon the shank by forging, the mostpractical way to producea forging having a large proportion of stock in the head in relation tothe diameter of the shank is to use a blank of stock having a largerdiameter than that of the shankof the work. For this purpose it isnecessary to utilize means whereby separate metal carried by the stockwill be ex truded into the hole in the die to provide the necessarysurplus metal without the objectionable projection of stock beyondthegripping dies.

WVith the foregoing and other objects in view which Will appear as thedescription proceeds, the invention resides in the combination andarrangementof parts and'in the details of construction hereinafterdescribed and 1 claimed, it being understood that changes in the preciseembodiment of the invention herein disclosed may be made within thescope of What is claimed, Without departing from the spirit of theinvention.

In the accompanyingdrawings the preferred form of the invention has beenshown.

In said drawings, f

Figure 1 is a plan View of the machine showing the dies in stockreceiving positions.

Figure 2 is a similar view showing the dies closed together at thecompletion of the forging operation.

Referringto the figures by characters of reference 1 designates the bedof the machine on which is journaled a crank shaft 2 adapted to transmitmotion through a pitman 3 to a heading slide 4. This heading slideincludes a block 5 mounted for longi tudinal movement therein andcarrying the heading tool or die 6. Springs 7 are interposed between theblock 5 and the back end of the-recess 8 in which'it is mounted andconstitute yielding means for holding the block normally projected inadvance .of the heading slide as shown particularly in Figure 1. Astationary gripping die 'is'inounted in the bed 1 as indicated at 9 andone end thereof is recessed as at 10 so as to provide a shaping surfaceor die face for the production of the work. i v p An opening 11 isextended through this gripping die and has a stationary cutting die 12in one end portion thereof through which the stock, indicated at S, isadapted to be fed. 7

A movable gripping die 13 is mounted in the bed 1 opposite the die 9 andis connected, by a toggle 14 to one side of the bed, the central jointof this toggle, in turn, being connected by a link 15 toa plunger 16.This plunger, which is slidable in the bed is adapted to be operated bya cam 17 rotatable with the shaft 2 and cooperating with rollers 18 inthe plunger or slide 16. Gripping die 13 also has a recessed face asindicated at 1.9, the recesses 10 and 19 and the two dies being adaptedto match when the dies are brought together so as properly to shapestock positioned between the dies.

A cutter 20 is mounted to slide upon one face of the gripping die 9 andis carried by a block 21 coupled to and actuated by one arm of a bellcrank 22. The other arm of this bell crank is connected by a link23 toaslide 24 mounted on the bed 1 and actuated by, a cam 25 engagingrollers 26 in the slide. j

Slidably mounted in line with the cutter 20 is a stock holder in theform of a head 27 provided at one end of. a rod 28. This rod isslida-ble within a guide 29 and has a spring 30 for holding the headnormally projected toward the cutter 20. A lever 31 is fulcrun'ied onthe bed 1 and has alongitudinally slotted end 32 slidablyengaged by astud 33 extending from rod 28. A finger 34 is extended laterally fromthe pivot end of lever 31' into the-pathof an. adjustable lug 39 carriedby the slide 4.,

A rock shaft 40 is journaled at one end of the bed 1 and has a crank arm41 at one end carrying an ejecting rod 42, which extends between thegripping dies .9 and 13 and is normally seated within the recess 10.Another crank arm 43-is carried by this rock shaft and has a springcontrolled rod 44 extending therefrom, there being a guide 45 forsupporting the rod and against which the controlling spring 46 isadapted to thrust. This rod carries a roller 47 which bears against acam 48 carried'by shaft 2.

In practice the stock S, which is of a diameter greater than the shankof the work to be produced by the machine, is fed through the opening 11and die 12 until there projects beyond die 9 a suflicient amount ofmetal to produce the work. The parts are so timed that immediatelyfollowing. the insertion of the stock the cutter 20 will slide along die9 and sever the blank from the stockand at the same time thrust itagainst the head 27 of the holder. Continned advance movement of thecutter 20 and its block 21 results in further compression of spring 30and ultimate positioning of the stock blank B directly in the path ofthe header die or tool 6 and in front of the recessed face of die 9. Inthe meantime die 13 has been shifted laterally by the toggle 14 and asthe dies 9 and 13 come together the blank B is engaged by the advancingheadertool or die '6 and pressed firmly against the gripping dies;During this initial pressing action the springs 7 will be compresseduntil further relative movement of the slide 4 and block 5 isimpossible.

'lVhile the springs? are being compressed during the advance of theslide4 and during the clamping of-the stock blank B lug 39 comes against'finger'34 and swings lever 31 laterally so as to move the head 27 awayfrom the blank. The cutter 20 is .alsoshifted laterally away from theblank by the operation of the bell crank 22. Thereafter the header .toolor die forces the blank into the depression between the gripping dies 9and 13 and causes the metal'to extrude within the recesses in thegripping dies so as to produce a shankfof less diameter than-thediameter of the stock and a head of greater diameter than the diameterof the stock. The'ejecting rod-42 constitutes an abutment for theextruded metal. Immediately following this shaping of the metal theslide 4 recedes from the gripping dies, the die 13 moves away from thedie 9, and the ejecting rod 42 is actuated to remove the work from therecess 10. Thus the parts are all returned to their normal positions,spring 30 causing the released lever '31 to move to the position shownin Figure 1 during the return of the head 27 to blank gripping position.a i

The relative positions of the parts during the compression or forging ofthe blank between the dies have been illustrated in Figure 2. r

What is claimed is:

1. The combination with opposed gripping dies having depressions in themeeting faces thereof, there being a stock receiving opening in one ofthe dies, of a heading slide, a heading die, yieldable means fortransmitting thrust from the slide to the dies, a yieldingly heldholding element adjacent the opening in' the gripping die,

means for severing stock projecting from said opening, forcing itagainst the holding element, and shifting the stock and holding elementto position the severed stock in line with the depressions in thegripping dies, means for advancing the heading slide to press theheading die yieldingly against the gripped stock during the firstportion of the advance movement of the heading slide, and means operatedby the continued advance movement of the heading slide for shifting theholding element away from the engaged stock, said heading slideconstitutthe heading die and against the stock during the last portionof the advancing movement of the slide.

2. The combination with a structure having a blank receiving recess anda stock receiving opening, of a yieldingly pressed holding element,means for severing stock projecting from the opening, forcing it againstthe holding element, and thrusting through said stock against theholding element to position the stock in line with the recess, a headingslide, means actuated by the heading slide while moving toward the stockfor initially gripping the stock against the recessed structure andfinally forcing the stock into the recess, and means controlled by theheading slide during said movement thereof for releasing the stock fromthe holding element and the means cooperating therewith.

3. The combination with cooperating gripping dies having a blankreceiving recess therebetween, of a cutting element, a yieldinglypressed holding element, means for guiding stock into the path of thecutting element, means for actuating the cutting element to sever ablank from the stock and thrust therethrough against the holding elementto grip the blank and convey it to position in line with the recess, aheading slide,

a heading die carried thereby having a yieldable lost motion connectiontherewith, means for actuating the heading slide to move the heading dieagainst the stock to clamp it during the initial portion of the advanceof the slide, said heading die constituting means for subsequentlyreceiving thrust from the slide to force the blank into the recess, andadjustable means actuated by the heading slide for shifting the holdingelement away from the stock during the initial contact of the stock bythe heading die.

4:. The combination with cooperating gripping dies having a blankreceiving recess therebetween, of a cutting element, a yieldinglypressed holding element, means for guiding stock into the path of thecutting element, means for actuating the cutting element to sever ablank from the stock and thrust therethrough against the holding elementto grip the blank and convey it to posiing means for imparting a thrustthrough tion in line with the recess, a heading slide,

a heading die carried thereby having a,

yieldable lost motion connection therewith, means for actuating theheading slide. to move the heading die against the stock to clamp itduring the initial portion of the advance of the slide, said heading dieconstituting means for subsequently receiving thrust from theslide toforce the blank into the recess, and adjustable means actuated by theheading slide for shifting the holding element away from the stockduring the initial contact of the stock by the heading die, said meansincluding a stud adjustably mounted on the heading slide, a leverfulcrumed adjacent the slide and operatively connected to the holdingelement, and means extending from the lever for engagement by the stud.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own, I have hereto aifixedmy signature.

WILLIAM L. CLOUSE.

